Star Trails Calculator

Max shutter time for sharp stars — NPF, 500, and 300 rules.

Pick your camera to use its real pixel size.
NPF rule (accurate)
pixel-size aware
500 rule
classic, forgiving
300 rule
safer, high-res
600 rule
forgiving, film-era
🌌 How to use it: set your shutter to (or just under), open the aperture fully, then raise ISO until the histogram is ⅓–½ from the left. Check at 100% zoom — if stars are elongated, shorten by 20%.
Calculated with ShutterMath’s star trails calculator